What Are Adjectives?
Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (which are people, places, things, or ideas). Adjectives in Hindi are called "विशेषण" (Vishesan). They give us more information about a noun, such as what it looks like, feels like, sounds like, how many there are, and so on.
Types of Adjectives and Examples
Descriptive Adjectives (वर्णनात्मक विशेषण)
These adjectives describe the qualities or characteristics of a noun.
लाल (Lal) - Red
Example: लाल सेब (Lal seb) - Red apple
सुंदर (Sundar) - Beautiful
Example: सुंदर लड़की (Sundar ladki) - Beautiful girl
ऊँचा (Uncha) - Tall
Example: ऊँचा पेड़ (Uncha ped) - Tall tree
Quantitative Adjectives (परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
These adjectives indicate the quantity of a noun.
तीन (Teen) - Three
Example: तीन किताबें (Teen kitabein) - Three books
कुछ (Kuch) - Some
Example: कुछ पानी (Kuch pani) - Some water
अधिक (Adhik) - More
Example: अधिक लोग (Adhik log) - More people
Demonstrative Adjectives (संकेतवाचक विशेषण)
These adjectives point out specific nouns.
यह (Yeh) - This
Example: यह किताब (Yeh kitab) - This book
वह (Vah) - That
Example: वह लड़का (Vah ladka) - That boy
ये (Ye) - These
Example: ये फल (Ye phal) - These fruits
वे (Ve) - Those
Example: वे पेड़ (Ve ped) - Those trees
Possessive Adjectives (सर्वनाम विशेषण)
These adjectives show ownership or possession.
मेरा (Mera) - My
Example: मेरा घर (Mera ghar) - My house
तुम्हारा (Tumhara) - Your
Example: तुम्हारा बस्ता (Tumhara basta) - Your bag
उसका (Uska) - His/Her
Example: उसका कुत्ता (Uska kutta) - His/Her dog
उनका (Unka) - Their
Example: उनका स्कूल (Unka school) - Their school
Interrogative Adjectives (प्रश्नवाचक विशेषण)
These adjectives are used in questions.
कौनसा (Kaunsa) - Which
Example: कौनसा रंग (Kaunsa rang) - Which color
कितना (Kitna) - How much/How many
Example: कितना पानी (Kitna pani) - How much water
किसका (Kiska) - Whose
Example: किसका बस्ता (Kiska basta) - Whose bag
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives (तुलनात्मक और उत्कृष्ट विशेषण)
Comparative adjectives compare two things, while superlative adjectives compare three or more things.
बड़ा (Bada) - Big
Comparative: बड़ा (Bada) - Bigger
Example: यह कमरा उससे बड़ा है (Yeh kamra usse bada hai) - This room is bigger than that one.
Superlative: सबसे बड़ा (Sabse bada) - Biggest
Example: यह सबसे बड़ा कमरा है (Yeh sabse bada kamra hai) - This is the biggest room.
Conculsion
Let’s create a sentence using various types of adjectives:
"लाल सेब सबसे मीठा होता है। यह मेरा पसंदीदा फल है।"
Translation: "The red apple is the sweetest. It is my favorite fruit."
In this sentence:
लाल (Lal) is a descriptive adjective describing the apple.
सबसे मीठा (Sabse meetha) is a superlative adjective comparing the sweetness.
मेरा (Mera) is a possessive adjective showing ownership of the preference.
Adjectives make our sentences more vibrant and informative, whether in Hindi or English!
The above text in not a summary of the video. For exam level understanding and explanation watch the above video.